WG-EMM-15

Submitted By:
Ms Doro Forck (CCAMLR Secretariat)

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Abstract:

In accordance with CM 21-03, Annex 21-03 A, attached are the net diagrams and marine mammal exclusion device diagram referred to in the krill fishery notifications for 2015/16 submitted for the three Norwegian vessels (Juvel, Saga Sea and Antarctic Sea). The pages 1 – 6 relate to the vessel Juvel, and the pages 7 – 10 relate to the vessels Saga Sea Read More
Submitted By:
Ms Hanne Østgård (Norway)

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Abstract:

In accordance with CM 21-03, Annex 21-03 A, attached are the net diagrams and marine mammal exclusion device diagrams to be used in conjunction with the online notifications for the krill fishery in the 2015/16 fishing season submitted for the Chinese vessels: LONG TENG (Page 3-5); LONG FA (Page 6-8); LONG DA (Page 9-10); FU RONG HAI (Page 11-12); KAI LI (Page 13-14); KAIYU (Page 15-16); MING Read More
Submitted By:
Mr Jiancheng Zhu

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Abstract:

According to the requirements of Conservation Measure 21-03 (2014), this document provides information on net diagrams and exclusion devices of marine mammals used by the Chilean flag vessels Betanzos and Cabo de Hornos, who present fishing notifications for the 2015/16 krill fishery season, Notification ID 86795, 86796 and 86797.

Submitted By:
Dr Javier Arata

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Abstract:

We provide a document describing ideas regarding the development of a feedback management strategy. No specific quantitative attributes have been modeled or investigated but ideas are used to advance arguments regarding within-season feedback management.

Submitted By:
Dr Christian Reiss

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Abstract:

Climate change will affect populations and fisheries in the Southern Ocean as area typically covered by seasonal sea-ice become ice free in some winters (Stammerjohn et al. 2008). For Antarctic krill (Euphausia superba), a key forage species (Laws 1977; Smetacek and Nicol 2005) and a target of a commercial fishery (Nicol et al. 2010; Watters et al. 2013), recent declines in seasonal Read More
Submitted By:
Dr Christian Reiss

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Abstract:

The purpose of this species identification illustrated guide is to facilitate by-catch species identification with real photographs in the Southern ocean. All of the photographs provided in this guide have been taken photographs by the author from aboard trawler (Target species : Euphausia superba) and longliner (Target species : Dissostichus spp.) of commercial fishery Read More
Submitted By:
Dr Seok-Gwan Choi (Korea, Republic of)

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Abstract:

The CCAMLR Ecosystem Monitoring Program (CEMP) was established to detect changes in krill-based ecosystems to provide a basis for regulating harvesting of Antarctic living marine resources in accordance with the ‘ecosystem approach’.  In 2015 data has been submitted by 9 Members for 15 sites and 12 CEMP parameters. This report provides a summary of CEMP data submissions for the 2015 Read More
Submitted By:
Ms Doro Forck (CCAMLR Secretariat)

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Abstract:

As required by Conservation Measure 21-03, Annex 21-03/A, net diagrams and mammal exclusion devices included in Korean krill fishery notifications are submitted by Korea.

Submitted By:
Dr Seok-Gwan Choi (Korea, Republic of)

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Abstract:

During WG-EMM-14, it was noted that characterisation of overlap between land-breeding predators and the krill fishery was desirable throughout the Scotia Sea; it was recognised that such work could be advanced by either tracking animals originating from additional breeding colonies, or by using existing tracking data and developing habitat models that predict foraging habitats as functions of Read More
Submitted By:
Professor Philip Trathan

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Abstract:

During 2013, WG-EMM agreed to form two inter-sessional task groups to progress work that might facilitate the development of new management procedures for the krill fishery in Area 48. In 2014, the state of ecological knowledge for Subarea 48.2 was reviewed, and it was suggested that the development of any new management approaches would be highly improbable based on the current level of Read More
Submitted By:
Professor Philip Trathan

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Abstract:

The spatial distribution of the Antarctic krill fishery in Subareas 48.1 to 48.3 has changed over time. The majority of catches in Subarea 48.1 are now taken south of the South Shetland Islands, following regional decreases in seasonal sea-ice cover. As the cumulative spatial footprint of the fishery has expanded along the West Antarctic Peninsula, the cumulative numbers of krill-eating Read More
Submitted By:
Professor Philip Trathan

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Abstract:

This report is a summary of the past and current penguin research efforts by the Korean Antarctic Program in Barton Peninsula on King George Island. On top of the routine and traditional census and monitoring, new protocols are being implemented more actively such as camera based monitoring and behavior studies using different types of loggers and recorders. This will not only continue but a Read More
Submitted By:
Dr Seok-Gwan Choi (Korea, Republic of)

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Abstract:

The Norwegian fishing vessels involved in krill fisheries are also used to carry out abundance surveys around the South Orkney Islands. The involved companies have accepted running acoustic logging also during periods of commercial fishing. In this paper we give an overview of the properties of these data and demonstrate potential applications for example to extract information on changes in Read More
Submitted By:
Dr Olav Rune Godø (Norway)

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Abstract:

This working paper presents the aims and methodology for a three-year-project (commenced in 2015) assessing size selectivity and escape mortality of Antarctic krill from trawl nets. The project is widely based on acquired experiences from a completed study Net Escapement of Antarctic krill in Trawls (NEAT), presented in WG-EMM 2012/24, WG-EMM 2013/34, WG-EMM 2014/14 and WG-EMM 2014/16 Read More
Submitted By:
Dr Bjørn Krafft (Norway)

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Abstract:

In 2014, the Scientific Committee endorsed a proposal from South Africa that the Secretariat be tasked with developing a proposal for funding support from the Global Environment Facility to build capacity among GEF-eligible CCAMLR Member countries to strengthen their participation in CCAMLR (SC-CAMLR-XXXIII, paragraph 10.30).  This progress report provides an update on the development of Read More
Submitted By:
Ms Doro Forck (CCAMLR Secretariat)

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Abstract:

Information on the length distribution of krill in the catch, and the spatial and temporal patterns of krill length in the population is essential to assess krill population status and dynamics, and the impacts of a fishery on the stocks. Here, we use generalised additive models (GAM) and generalised additive mixed models (GAMM) to evaluate the spatial and temporal patterns of length in Read More
Submitted By:
Dr So Kawaguchi

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Abstract:

The biomass of Antarctic krill (Euphausia superba) at the Balleny Islands, Antarctica (67° S 163° E) was estimated from an acoustic transect survey carried out in February 2015. Acoustic data processing followed the recommendations of CCAMLR SG-ASAM.  Two parameterisations of the krill acoustic target strength model were used.  The first parameterisation assumed a vertical Read More
Submitted By:
Dr Martin Cox (Australia)

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Abstract:

The Committee on Environmental Protection and SC-CAMLR have endorsed the proposal to hold a second Joint CEP/SC-CAMLR Workshop in 2016. The agreed general scope of the workshop is to identify the effects of climate change that are considered most likely to impact the conservation of the Antarctic, and to identify existing and potential sources of research and monitoring data relevant to the Read More
Submitted By:
Dr Susie Grant

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Abstract:

Vessels operating in the krill fishery in CCAMLR’s Convention Area are required to directly estimate the green weight of krill caught (Conservation Measure 21-03, Annex B). This requirements was introduced for the 2012/13 seasons, and the estimation methods were revised at WG-EMM-13 and WG-EMM-14. Estimates of green weight and parameter values are reported in each vessel’s haul-by-haul catch Read More
Submitted By:
Ms Doro Forck (CCAMLR Secretariat)

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Submitted By:
Mr Aleksandr Sytov

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Abstract:

The Australian Antarctic research and resupply vessel, RV Aurora Australis, was directed to undertake an opportunistic marine science survey for 17 days during 21 February to 10 March 2015 using ship time that became available due to unexpectedly favourable ice conditions for Mawson station resupply. 

The purpose of this opportunistic Marine Science work was to assess: Read More
Submitted By:
Dr So Kawaguchi

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Abstract:

Antarctic Krill (Euphausia superba) is a ‘keystone species’ in the Southern Ocean providing the main source of food for many taxa high in the food chain such as baleen whales, penguins and seals. Despite its ecological and economic importance, research into krill and other crustacean diseases remains a deficit area with little to nothing known about infection dynamics. Over the past Read More
Submitted By:
Dr Marta Söffker (European Union)

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Abstract:

The authors discussed the necessity to investigate krill flux for estimating the local harvest rates-indicators that could be used to reveal the potential risk of the fishery development. Estimates of krill flux factors in Subarea 48.3 based on the Soviet/Russian scientific observations from 1962 to 2002 are shown as an example.

Submitted By:
Dr Andrey Petrov

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Abstract:

The aim of this work was to assess the possibilities of automatically generating a dataset of dive behaviour of air-breathing predators, based on acoustic data from a monitoring survey and from commercial krill fishing operations. Our results documents that some form of automatic detection of diving predators in the data is feasible. A relatively low detection probability of our algorithms Read More
Submitted By:
Dr Thor Klevjer (Norway)

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Abstract:

The current state of the krill fishery in the Area 48 during 2008 - 2014 was analyzed in terms of catches, CPUE, catch per haul, fishing efforts (hours fished) and fishing vessel locations for traditional and continuous fishing methods. The CCAMLR fishery statistics was used. Summarized results of this analysis for Subareas 48.1, 48.2 and 48.3 with details on small-scale management units (SSMU Read More
Submitted By:
Dr Andrey Petrov

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Abstract:

Article II of the Convention requires the Commission to maintain harvested populations above levels that ensure stable recruitment. WG-EMM is currently developing candidate feedback management (FBM) approaches for the krill stock in subareas 48.1 to 48.4. These approaches include some which adjust fishing (catch, effort, location or timing) based on information about stock size. Thus CCAMLR Read More
Submitted By:
Dr Chris Darby

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Abstract:

We present a novel index of Antarctic krill biomass in CCAMLR subareas 48.1 to 48.4, based on data from scientific nets and covering the years between 2000 and 2011. The annual biomass variation was significant (CV=73%) but no systematic change in krill biomass was evident during the period. The index also suggests that realised exploitation rates were below 0.5% (i.e. catch was <0.5% of Read More
Submitted By:
Dr Chris Darby

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Abstract:

According to the requirements of the Conservation Measure 21-03 (2014), this document provides information on the diagrams of fishing gears and marine mammal exclusion devices by the Russian-flagged vessel ‘Viktoriya’ that have submitted notifications of intent to participate in the 2015/16 Euphausia superba fishery (Notification has been submitted to CCAMLR Secretariat).

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Submitted By:
Dr Andrey Petrov

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Abstract:

At WG EMM-2013 the Working Group agreed that it would be useful to have a consolidated summary of information related to the krill fishery in a similar format to the fishery reports that are completed for finfish fisheries in WG-FSA (www.ccamlr.org/node/75667).

The Secretariat agreed to coordinate the preparation of a draft krill fishery report for Read More
Submitted By:
Ms Doro Forck (CCAMLR Secretariat)

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Abstract:

Cameras allow for non-invasive measurement of many breeding and behavioural parameters that permit, for the first time, large scale, simultaneous monitoring of multiple colonies. Citizen science appears to be a scalable solution to data extraction from large data sets until automated image recognition becomes available. Given advanced stages of camera deployments and analyses described, using Read More
Submitted By:
Dr Chris Darby

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Abstract:

Australia, New Zealand, Norway, the United Kingdom and the United States jointly submitted a Working Paper (WP) and an Information Paper (IP) on Important Bird Areas to the Committee for Environmental Protection (CEP XVIII) at its June 1-5 meeting in Sofia, Bulgaria (WP 40, Important Bird Areas (IBAs) in Antarctica and IP 27 Important Bird Areas (IBAs) in Antarctica). These papers reported on Read More
Submitted By:
Dr Polly A. Penhale

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Abstract:

We present a candidate, Stage-2 feedback management strategy for consideration by WG-EMM. The strategy uses existing CEMP data and three simple decision rules for adjusting catch prior to and during the fishing season.  The strategy does not necessarily require the use of no-fishing areas and implements a negative feedback whose magnitude varies according to an observed status of two Read More
Submitted By:
Dr Jefferson Hinke

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Abstract:

The United States has substantive interests within the boundaries of Planning Domain 1, and, in March 2015, scientists from the U.S. Antarctic Marine Living Resources Program hosted a domestic workshop to develop background information relevant to the establishment of one or more marine protected areas (MPAs) therein.  Key products from the workshop include a list of the types of specific Read More
Submitted By:
Dr George Watters

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Submitted By:
Ms Doro Forck (CCAMLR Secretariat)

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Abstract:

In this paper, we develop an ecosystem-based, precautionary management procedure for krill fisheries which draws together past experience in CCAMLR. It provides an empirical ecosystem assessment model, a decision rule for determining local scale catch limits based on a harvest strategy and a single-species assessment of yield, and a method for implementing the procedure.  The decision Read More
Submitted By:
Dr Andrew Constable (Australia)

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Abstract:

The trophic study of Arctocephalus gazella is an essential tool for assessing its ecological role as a top predator of the Antarctic marine ecosystem. The aim of this study was to analyse its diet during an annual cycle. To our knowledge, this is the first report of the feeding habits of A. gazella during the winter period in the South Shetlands area. A total of 224 scats were collected in the Read More
Submitted By:
Dr Enrique Marschoff (Argentina)

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Abstract:

Germany intends to present the Working Group on Ecosystem Monitoring and Management (WG EMM) the background document that provides the scientific basis for the evaluation of a marine protected area (MPA) in the Weddell Sea planning area. The contents and structure of the whole document reflect its main objectives, i.e. to set out the general context of the establishment of MPAs and to provide Read More
Submitted By:
Dr Katharina Teschke

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Abstract:

Germany intends to present the Working Group on Ecosystem Monitoring and Management (WG EMM) the background document that provides the scientific basis for the evaluation of a marine protected area (MPA) in the Weddell Sea planning area. The contents and structure of the whole document reflect its main objectives, i.e. to set out the general context of the establishment of MPAs and to provide Read More
Submitted By:
Dr Katharina Teschke

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Abstract:

Taking into account the practice and current state of krill fishery in Area 48, Ukraine proposed to revise the Conservation Measure 51-07 (2014) in order to redistribute the trigger level of catch in 620 000 tonnes between Subareas in Area 48 in a new percentage limits. This revision will still enable to follow the precaution conservation principles of the Convention and in the same time will Read More
Submitted By:
Dr Leonid Pshenichnov (Ukraine)

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Abstract:

First descriptions of the two proposed MPAs, Stella Creek and Skua Creek, as well as determined their conservation status in accordance with the “A tool to help selecting the appropriate IUCN (International Union for Conservation of Nature) categories and governance types for protected area”. Bathymetric maps and a 3D-model of the sea-bed of Stella Creek and Skua Creek were given for the first Read More
Submitted By:
Dr Leonid Pshenichnov (Ukraine)

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Abstract:

This report presents the results of the Second International Workshop for identifying Marine Protected Areas (MPAs) in Domain 1 of CCAMLR. The workshop was held in Buenos Aires, Argentina, from 25 to 29 May 2015.

During the workshop, discussions were concentrated in reviewing and analyzing new and updated georeferenced data, and in further developing conservation objectives´ Read More
Submitted By:
Dr María Mercedes Santos (Argentina)

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Submitted By:
Dr Luis Alberto Pastene Perez (Japan)

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Abstract:

Recent discussions within WG-EMM have recognised the need for more spatially extensive, non-disturbing monitoring within CEMP against a background of increasingly tight funding for long-term monitoring programs. This recognition has generated interest in developing new methods for CEMP that can be applied over larger areas and multiple sites at low cost with minimal impact. Comparing, Read More
Submitted By:
Dr Colin Southwell

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Abstract:

We outline a method for the direct determination of age in Antarctic krill (Euphausia superba). Recent studies (Kilada et al. 2012), have shown that annular growth bands are present in the endocuticle layer of the eyestalks and gastric mill in decapod crustaceans. Here we report on a preliminary proof of concept study using several known age krill grown under controlled conditions at Read More
Submitted By:
Dr Christian Reiss

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Abstract:

Germany intends to present the Working Group on Ecosystem Monitoring and Management (WG EMM) the background document that provides the scientific basis for the evaluation of a marine protected area (MPA) in the Weddell Sea planning area. The contents and structure of the whole document reflect its main objectives, i.e. to set out the general context of the establishment of MPAs and to provide Read More
Submitted By:
Dr Katharina Teschke

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Abstract:

Dynamic climate changes have become noticeable in recent decades, especially in the vulnerable region of Western Antarctic. It is widely assumed that Antarctic biota are sensitive to environmental changes. Admiralty Bay (King George Island, South Shetland Islands, Antarctic Peninsula) has been the site of comprehensive environmental studies over the last 30 years and existing data sets provide Read More
Submitted By:
Dr Anna Panasiuk (Poland)

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Abstract:

Unmanned Aerial Vehicles specially adapted for operation in polar regions were used to study distribution and size of three Pygoscelis penguin species on King George Island (Subarea 48.1) in the austral summer 2014/15 season. During photogrammetric flights the high-resolution images of the penguin breeding colonies were taken. Obtained images were used for estimation of population Read More
Submitted By:
Dr Małgorzata Korczak-Abshire

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Abstract:

In accordance with CM 21‐03, Annex 21‐03 A, attached are the net diagram and marine mammal exclusion device diagram to be used in conjunction with the online notifications for the krill fishery in the 2015/16 fishing season submitted for the Ukrainian vessel: More Sodruzhestva.

Submitted By:
Ms Doro Forck (CCAMLR Secretariat)

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Abstract:

The importance of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) in remote sensing is rapidly growing. However, knowledge about their potential impact on wildlife is scant, especially in the Antarctic, where they are a new tool used in ecological research and monitoring.   

In this preliminary study we investigate potential effects of wildlife disturbance by UAVs. In austral summer 2014-2015 Read More
Submitted By:
Dr Małgorzata Korczak-Abshire

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Abstract:

An integrated assessment model for Antarctic krill in FAO Subarea 48.1 that incorporates catch and length-composition data from the krill fishery with biomass indices and length-compositions from research surveys has been developed. The model uses statistical fits to these data to estimate the effects of the fishery on the krill population. The model estimates parameters representing krill Read More
Submitted By:
Dr Doug Kinzey

Approved By:
Admin Admin (CCAMLR Secretariat)

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Abstract:

We present definitive evidence, derived from two independent methods (satellite tagging and photo-identification), that TCKW undergo long-distance travel from the southern Ross Sea to New Zealand waters and into subtropical regions (31°-35°S). This not only establishes ecosystem connectivity between the Ross Sea and New Zealand, but also emphasises the urgent need to re-evaluate the profile of Read More
Approved By:
Admin Admin (CCAMLR Secretariat)

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Abstract:

Between 2001 and 2013 the number of breeding pairs of Adélie penguins (Pygoscelis adeliae) at breeding colonies in the southern Ross Sea more than doubled from about 235 000 to more than half a million. It has been suggested that predation release of Antarctic silverfish (Pleuragramma antarctica) due to fishing of one of its predators, Antarctic toothfish (Dissostichus Read More
Submitted By:
Dr Rohan Currey (New Zealand)

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Abstract:

Annual acoustic trawl surveys for krill monitoring have been carried out by the Institute of Marine research, Norway near the South Orkney Islands since 2011. The survey has been conducted early in the fishing season (January/February), using two different krill fishing vessels as platforms. The vessels were equipped with similar Simrad echo sounder systems suitable for quantitative Read More
Submitted By:
Dr Georg Skaret (Norway)

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Abstract:

In this paper, we develop a candidate management system for the krill fishery suitable for achieving objectives for krill and its predators in local areas. We also indicate how this management system can be made operational in the early phases of a fishery in a local area, which can then be enhanced as the fishery develops, including testing future management procedures and in adapting them to Read More
Submitted By:
Dr Andrew Constable (Australia)

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Abstract:

RV Tangaroa carried out a 42-day research voyage to the Ross Sea from 29 January to 11 March 2015. The main purpose of the New Zealand-Australia Antarctic Ecosystems Voyage (TAN1502) was to undertake ecological studies of Ross Sea marine foodwebs of importance to top predators. The work was centred on the feeding areas of cetaceans, primarily blue whales and humpback whales, and in Read More
Approved By:
Admin Admin (CCAMLR Secretariat)

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Submitted By:
Dr Javier Arata

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Submitted By:
Dr Javier Arata

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Abstract:

In recent years, the Scientific Committee has been dealing with a great diversity of important issues for which the Commission was expecting advice. The current structure of the Working Groups has struggled to address these issues efficiently, leading to expanded time taken on intersessional meetings and a large diversity of important issues.  A number of important issues are not being Read More
Submitted By:
Dr Andrew Constable (Australia)

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Submitted By:
Ms Doro Forck (CCAMLR Secretariat)

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Abstract:

The Southern Ocean Observing System was established by SCAR and SCOR in 2011 and has been steadily developing its work.  In this paper, we summarise the outcomes of strategic planning over 2015 and a recent meeting of the SSC and workshop aimed at implementing the strategic plan.  SOOS is developing regional and capability working groups to implement its strategy.  The regional Read More
Submitted By:
Dr Andrew Constable (Australia)

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Abstract:

Antarctic ecosystems are dynamic and characterized by physically forced variability caused e.g. by fronts, eddies and ice. This creates a challenging dynamics for scientific sampling and monitoring. Realistic understanding of what can and cannot be achieved with the available sampling techniques and strategies is essential. This paper focuses on approaches for observing processes at the time- Read More
Submitted By:
Dr Olav Rune Godø (Norway)

Publication:
ICES J. Mar. Sci., 2014, 71 (8): 2357–2369

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Abstract:

This paper provides some of the detail to standardisation examples that are outlined in the more general Working Group paper titled ‘The importance of standardising and validating new methods for CEMP to maintain the robustness of long-term time series’. We recommend reading the general paper first and then reading this paper for any detail.

Submitted By:
Dr Colin Southwell

Publication:
PLoS ONE (2015) 10 (4): e0123540, doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0123540

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Abstract:

This paper provides some of the detail to standardisation examples that are outlined in the more general Working Group paper titled ‘The importance of standardising and validating new methods for CEMP to maintain the robustness of long-term time series’. We recommend reading the general paper first and then reading this paper for any detail.

Submitted By:
Dr Colin Southwell

Publication:
Journal of Nature Conservation 23 (2015): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jnc.2014.11.002

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Abstract:

This paper provides some of the detail to standardisation examples that are outlined in the more general Working Group paper titled ‘The importance of standardising and validating new methods for CEMP to maintain the robustness of long-term time series’. We recommend reading the general paper first and then reading this paper for any detail.

Submitted By:
Dr Colin Southwell

Publication:
PLoS ONE (in review)

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Abstract:

VHF radiotelemetry data has been used for over thirty years to monitor the behavior patterns of otariid seals. These data have been used in a wide variety of ways, from characterizing the reproductive and foraging ecology of these species to inferring ecosystem changes based on variation in attendance patterns. Yet the accuracy of VHF data has never been appropriately evaluated. Our study Read More
Submitted By:
Dr Andrew Lowther

Publication:
Mar. Ecol. Progr. Ser. (in review)

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Abstract:

Quantifying the distribution and abundance of predators is integral to many ecological studies, but can be difficult in remote settings such as Antarctica. Recent advances in the development of unmanned aerial systems (UAS), particularly vertical takeoff and landing (VTOL) aircraft, have provided a new tool for studying the distribution and abundance of predator Read More
Submitted By:
Dr Mike Goebel (United States of America)

Publication:
Polar Biology, 2015, doi: 10.1007/s00300-014-1625-4

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Abstract:

An integrated, age-structured model was fitted to different combinations of survey data using two forms of selectivity (logistic or double-logistic) with time-constant or annually varying selectivity to investigate the population dynamics of Antarctic krill (Euphausia superba) near the Antarctic Peninsula. The data were from surveys conducted by the U.S. Antarctic Marine Living Read More
Submitted By:
Dr Doug Kinzey

Publication:
Fisheries Research, 168 (2015): 72–84.

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Abstract:

Dynamic climate changes have become noticeable in recent decades, especially in the vulnerable region of Western Antarctic. The relatively simple food web of this area relies on krill - Euphausia superba. Presumably as a result of climatic fluctuations, a decrease in the numbers of this crustacean has been recorded, followed by an increase in the population of the gelatinous Read More
Submitted By:
Dr Anna Panasiuk (Poland)

Publication:
Polish Polar Research (in review)

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Abstract:

The Secretariat has embarked on a major overhaul of CCAMLR data holdings and associated IT and data infrastructure. This work, which begun in 2013, includes developing an Enterprise Data Model, redeveloping the CCAMLR database, improving data quality assurance, and modernising the data work flow.

The user community can expect to notice significant improvements in data quality and Read More
Submitted By:
Ms Doro Forck (CCAMLR Secretariat)

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