On marine protected areas in the Southern Ocean

The details on designation of marine protected areas in the CCAMLR region are considered. The general and specific issues, such as MPA definition in application to CCAMLR area, permissions and restrictions, temporal and spatial extent are discussed. It is noted that the South Orkneys MPA designation procedure could be useful for CCAMLR MPA network development. On the Ross Sea, which still experienced small impact from human activity, establishing MPA here is important for investigation of climate change influence on ecosystems. The MPA Questionnaire is proposed for consideration to make easier the understanding of the Southern Ocean MPA designation process and problems.